Dear Sallie,
The first 3 collared beads are stone named Amethyst. The second row with the 3 collared beads are glass beads that have been cold drilled.
Second photo with the elephants, I can tell you for sure that the blueish& greenish are glass that also have been cold drilled from both ends.When I say "cold drill" I mean after shaping or casting the bead and the glass was firmed, than they drill it, probably with the use of water. The bottom left elephant (greenish), might also be glass, (hard to tell form the photo), and the other white elephants are likely rock Chrystal.
All the best,
Yankee