Thanks for the close-up. I have to guess this is a normal pumtek bead that has been stained red with some pigment or dye.

I'm assuming the powderglass beads you mean for the medium-blue bicones, with patterns that imitate old beads (that might be called "bodom" by some people). I think these were made in the late '90s (at the earliest, or even rather more recently). I am reasonably sure they were not made in the '70s, because I would have seen them sometime between then and now. Plus, they are quite a departure from beads made that long ago.

Jamey