I don't think any of the beads you show are as early as Ming Dynasty. They would be Ching or even post-Ching. (A lot of decorated Chinese beads, spotted or whatever, are from as late as the 1930s.

The old glass beads that come out of Vietnam are Chinese beads, unless we are talking about really far back I time (much earlier than the Ming Dynasty).

The "pancake" or "cloud" bead is perforated—just not straight through. The elements you show were made for so-called "Mandarin chains," that were required by the Manchu as evidence of rank in the Ching Dynasty. So they cannot be Ming.

Cheers, Jamey