Not withstanding previous replies..., now that I have returned from Milwaukee....

The thick agate disks of white material with thin dark layers on the ends are late 19th and early 20th C. beads from Idar-Oberstein, Germany. These were made for export to countries that had long agate-bead-wearing traditions, such as the Middle East, Himalayas, Island Southeast Asia, and even North Africa. It's not unusual for these beads (lately) to be combined with other agate beads, some of which would be older, and also similar-looking glass beads that are most likely contemporaneous and Bohemian/Czech. (Counter to one reply, glass beads do not come out of Idar-Oberstein—particularly not Czech glass beads.)

Jamey