Generally, these 'neolithic' beads are said to be dug up in Mali. I had to do some digging of my own through a box with some a layer of dirt at the bottom to pick these out.
The big one is my favorite: it is 45 mm long, almost 2 inches. It has some transparency to it, so I think it is quartz.

The mix has mostly stone beads, including some nice flat quartz beads, and some stray glass beads.